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Maternal antiretroviral treatment (ART) is recommended for prevention of mother-to-child HIV-1 transmission (PMTCT), including in women with high CD4+ cell counts. Within a pediatric HIV-1 vaccine trial PedVacc 002, we assessed hematologic profiles of infants born to mothers receiving ART. All mothers had CD4+ cell counts of >350 mm-3; 93% received zidovudine-containing ART; infants received nevirapine up to 6 weeks and cotrimoxazole after 6 weeks. Among 84 infants at 19 weeks, 58% had hematologic toxicity; 44% had neutropenia and 23% had anemia. Breastfeeding was associated with 3.8-fold higher risk of neutropenia (RR 3.8, 95% CI 1.03-14.1, p = 0.008). Hematologic monitoring and PMTCT regimen selection are important for optimizing infant outcomes.

Original publication

DOI

10.4137/RRt.s13267

Type

Journal article

Journal

Retrovirology : research and treatment

Publication Date

01/2014

Volume

6

Pages

1 - 5

Addresses

Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.